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Emergency vascular acces in pediatric patients
Dvořák, Vít ; Sentivanová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
Vascular access in pediatric emergency patients is essential with no doubt. This thesis is based on many scientific publications and studies focused on intravenous and intraoseal access and their aplication in pediatric emergency patients undergoing pre-hospital or hospital treatment. First part is theoretical and is concerned about technique of insertion and post-procedure care. The next part is about comparing different techniques and their successful inserting for the first attempt. The last part is aimed at research with predefined goals. The main goal of this thesis is to give a summary of available knowledge about the peripheral intravenous access and intraoseal access in pediatric emergency patients. The research is aimed at selected group of respondents and their knowledge of techniques and treating of intravenous and intraoseal access. The last goal is to find out which access is preferable in sudden cardiac arrest in children. Data obtained from different groups of respondents approved that none of the groups have sufficient knowledge in inserting and carrying the intravenous and intraoseal access in pediatric emergency patients. In an analysis of data the best results gain paramedics. The majority of respondents would prefer intravenous access in case of sudden cardiac arrest. As a...
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of special instruments
KUBAL, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis analyzes cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of special equipment related with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pre hospital emergency care. The main study introduces practical application of special equipment and expertise experience of paramedics and nurses with use of this equipment.Theoretical section consists of two parts definition of using special instruments and description of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The first one describes specified equipment related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pre hospital emergency care and legislative standards specified for operation of emergency services in Czech Republic. The second deals with the issues of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Basic and advanced methods of urgent cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pre hospital care and updates of Guidelines from the years 2010 and 2015 related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation are also introduced here.The practical part contains transcribed interviews with professionals, which were obtained by qualitative semi-structured interviews. Paramedics, nurses and a physician at Emergency. Medical Services in South Bohemia were selected as interviewees. Altogether, six people were contacted. Interviews contained 15 questions related to the issues of practical application, interpretation of values and personal experience with special technology used in urgent emergency resuscitation.The study of this thesis shows that health care workers do not have a problem with the interpretation of data available thanks to this technology. In some cases, there is a problem with the proper use of technology or differences of opinions on the application itself among workers from different ambulance stations. It was also found that no one is happy with trainings and the amount of information provided by an employer, because all respondents look up information concerning the technology beyond their job duties. As a contribution of this work I see a brief equipment overview non medical staff use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The thesis summarizes everything from the description of basic values to actual applications of the equipment.
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Obtaining peripheral venous access in pre-hospital emergency care by ambulance service teams
MIKEŠOVÁ, Markéta
The thesis focuses on peripheral venous cannulation in pre-hospital urgent care by paramedics. The theoretical part summarizes the theory of cannulation: anatomy of the vascular system, indications, contraindications, choice of site for cannulation, the procedure of cannulation, complications and alternatives. The practical part had three aims: the knowledge of peripheral venous cannulation in paramedics was investigated by half-structured interviews; than the skills in peripheral venous cannulation in paramedics were investigated by own observation of the investigator; the experience of emergency doctors with peripheral venous cannulation by paramedics was investigated using half-structured interviews. It was discovered that younger paramedics do the cannulation more frequently than older ones, the paramedics in general have good knowledge of peripheral venous cannulation, however, some imperfecions were found what regards contraindications and complications and in praxis of maintaining aseptics conditions. The doctors are generally satisfied with peripheral venous cannulation done by paramedics, however, they sometimes encouter lack of peripheral venous cannula in patients indicated to have it. In summary the thesis shows the need of further education of paramedics about peripheral venous cannulation.
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Intraoseal approach - an alternative to peripheral venous entry
TUROŇ, Jiří
The intraoseal approach is an alternative method how to ensure bloodstream in cases when it is difficult or impossible to use venous entry. It is used mostly in children, but it is possible to apply it to adults too. This bachelor?s thesis called ?Intraoseal approach - an alternative to peripheral venous entry? deals with theory of using intraoseal approach in conditions of pre-hospital urgent care. The practical part of this thesis surveys the frequency of using intraoseal implant and screens the knowledge of rescuers working in Salvage and rescue service of Moravian-Silesian district. The method of quantitative research was used to validate the hypothesis. Obtained data were collected by method of anonymous questionaires. These questionaires were distributed to Salvage and rescue service of Moravian-Silesian district, to resorts of Ostrava, Opava, Havířov, Karviná, Krnov, Třinec and Frýdek ? Místek in the concrete. The results of this work showed practical and theoretical knowledge of paramedics of Moravian-Silesian district. Their orientation in the problematics of using alternative venous entry in conditions of pre-hospital urgent care is mostly correct even if there was few wrong answers. Nevertheless the results of research were excellent. These are hypotheses defined ? H1: Paramedics know the process of using intraoseal approach, and H2: The intraoseal approach is used less than venous cannulation in life endangering cases. Both of these hypotheses were verified. The frequency of using this entry is not so high, but I believe it becomes more common with increasing knowledge of rescuers, especially in cases of immediate threat of life with impossibility of using peripheral venous entry.
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